Intestinal perforation due to deep infiltrating endometriosis during pregnancy: case report / Rotura intestinal durante a gravidez devido a endometriose profunda infiltrativa: relato de caso

Abstract We report the case of a 33 year-old woman who complained of severe dysmenorrhea since menarche. From 2003 to 2009, she underwent 4 laparoscopies for the treatment of pain associated with endometriosis. After all four interventions, the pain recurred despite the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues and the insertion of a levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS). Finally, a colonoscopy performed in 2010 revealed rectosigmoid stenosis probably due to extrinsic compression. The patient was advised to get pregnant before treating the intestinal lesion. Spontaneous pregnancy occurred soon after LNG-IUS removal in 2011. In the 33rd week of pregnancy, the patient started to feel severe abdominal pain. No fever or sings of pelviperitonitis were present, but as the pain worsened, a cesarean section was performed, with the delivery of a premature healthy male, and an intestinal rupturewas identified. Severe peritoneal infection and sepsis ensued. A colostomy was performed, and the patient recovered after eight days in intensive care. Three months later, the colostomy was closed, and a new LNG-IUS was inserted. The patient then came to be treated by our multidisciplinary endometriosis team. The diagnostic evaluation revealed the presence of intestinal lesions with extrinsic compression of the rectum. She then underwent a laparoscopic excision of the endometriotic lesions, including an ovarian endometrioma, adhesiolysis and segmental colectomy in 2014. She is now fully recovered and planning a new pregnancy. A transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) performed six months after surgery showed signs of pelvic adhesions, but no endometriotic lesions.

Resumo Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 33 anos que apresentava de dismenorreia grave desde a menarca. Entre 2003 e 2009, a paciente foi submetida a quatro laparoscopias para o tratamento de dor associada à endometriose. A dor persistiu apos as 4 cirurgias apesar do uso de análogos do hormônio de liberação de gonadotropina (GnRH) e da inserção de um sistema intrauterino de levonorgestrel (SIU-LNG). Finalmente, uma colonoscopia realizada em 2010 revelou estenose rectosigmoide, provavelmente devido à compressão extrínseca. A paciente foi aconselhada a engravidar antes de tratar a lesão intestinal. A gravidez espontânea ocorreu logo após a remoção de LNGIUS em 2011. Na 33ª semana de gestação, a paciente começou a sentir dor abdominal intensa, sem febre ou sinais de peritonite. Como a dor piorou consideravelmente, a paciente foi submetida à cesariana com nascimento prematuro de um menino saudável. Durante a cesárea foi identificado rotura intestinal com peritonite grave e sepse. Uma colostomia foi realizada, e a paciente admitida no centro de terapia intensiva por 8 dais. A colostomia foi fechada e um novo SIU-LNG inserido. A paciente passou a ser tratada pela nossa equipe multidisciplinar de endometriose. A avaliação diagnóstica revelou a presença de lesões intestinais com compressão extrínseca do reto. Foi então submetida a uma excisão laparoscópica das lesões endometrióticas, incluindo umendometrioma ovariano, adesiólise e colectomia segmentar em 2014. Ela está agora totalmente recuperada e planeja nova gravidez. Uma ultrassonografia transvaginal (TVUS) realizada seis meses após a cirurgia revelou sinais de aderências pélvicas sem lesões de endometriose.

Application of intestinal fatty acid binding protein and blood procalcitonin for diagnosis of traumatic intestinal rupture in early stage / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate the role of intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) and blood procalcitonin (PCT) in diagnosis of traumatic Intestinal rupture in early stage.Methods The clinical data of 58 patients with abdominal injuries admitted from May 2012 to April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.All 58 patients were divided into intestinal rupture group (n =21) and nonintestinal rupture group (n =37).The concentrations of IFABP and PCT were detected,analyzed and compared between two groups at different intervals.Results The IFABP and PCT in intestinal rupture group were significantly higher than those in non-intestinal rupture group.The IFABP and PCT in intestinal rupture group significantly decreased after operations.There were significantly differences in IFABP and PCT between two groups at admission,4 hours after admission,preoperative period,and 24 hours after operation.However,these differences disappeared at 72 hours after operation.At the same time,the accuracy rate 92.4％,sensitivity 96.3％,specificity 72.8％ found in combination of these two biomarkers were significantly higher than those of IFABP and PCT measured separately.Conclusions The combination of IFABP and PCT detection can be used as an indicator for the diagnosis of traumatic intestinal rupture in the early stage.

Intestinal rupture due to small bowel volvulus in a captive American black bear (Ursus americanus)

Intestinal rupture caused by small bowel volvulus was diagnosed in a captive 13-year-old male American black bear. The animal presented with decreased appetite, depression, lethargy, and mild abdominal distention for 3 days. The animal was treated with antibiotics, hypermetabolites, and digestive medicine daily; however, it died on the third day of treatment. The clinical symptoms included hemorrhagic ascites, gaseous extension of the small intestine, and intestinal rupture caused by small bowel volvulus. Hemorrhagic signs were observed in the lungs and heart. This is the first case to describe small bowel volvulus in mammals of the family Ursidae.

Application of intestinal fatty acid binding protein in early diagnosis of traumatic intestinal rupture / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate the role of intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) in early diagnosis of acute traumatic intestinal rupture. Methods The patients with suspected acute traumatic intestinal rupture admitted in our emergency department from July 2010 to June 2011 were involved in the study.Their blood samples were taken on admission,1,2,3,4,6,8,12,16,24 and 48 hours after admission.All the patients were given closely medical observation and therapy,and were followed up in aspects of their clinical signs and imageology according to the present diagnosis and treatment routine.Surgical procedures would be carried out as soon as the diagnosis of intestinal rupture was confirmed and the duration between the admission and the final diagnosis was recorded.All the blood samples were determined for the IFABP concentration by means of ELISA.According to the final diagnosis results,the patients were divided into the intestinal rupture group and non-intestinal rupture group.The changes of IFABP concentration and its concentration difference between the two groups at different time points were compared. Results The study involved 33 patients,including 11 patients with confirmed intestinal rupture (intestinal rapture group) and 22 without intestinal rupture (non-intestinal rupture group).The average duration from hospitalization to the final diagnosis in the intestinal rapture group was (7.0 ±2.0) hours.At all the given time points,the IFABP concentration in the intestinal rupture group was significantly higher than that in the non-intestinal rupture group (P ＜ 0.05 ).The IFABP concentration in the intestinal rupture group was ascended on admission,reached the peak one hour later and maintained the level till the surgery,while the IFABP concentration was relatively stable in the non-intestinal rupture group within 24 hours after admission. Conclusion IFABP is the index for early diagnosis of acute traumatic intestinal rupture.